Literature and Notes
[1] J. Keppler: Strena seu de nive sexangula, Godfey Tampach at Frankfort on Main., 1611, pp.24. A New Years Gift or on the Six- Cornered Snowflake, Ed. and Trans. C. Hardie (1966) Oxford Pres. pp.74.
[2] R. Descartes: Discours de la Methode. Pour bien conduire, sa raison, and chercher la verite dans les sciences. Plus la Dioptrique, les Meteores. etla Geometrie. Qui sont des essais de cete Methode. Jan Maire, Leyde. Commentary by F. C. Frank(1974) Descartes observations on the Amsterdam snowfalls of 4th, 5th, 6th and 9th February 1635. J. Glaci., 1974, 13, 535.
[3] For example, the sketches of natural snow crystals published by Martens(1675), Rossetti(1681), Scoresby(1820), Martinet(1820), Lord Doi(1833, 1840), Glaisher(1855), Nordenskiold(1893), Neuhauss(1893), Sigson(1894) and so on are known at the present time.
[4] T. Kobayashi and T. Kuroda: in Morphology of Crystals, Part B, Chapter 10, ed. I. Sunagawa, Tera Sci. Pub., Tokyo, 1987, 645.
[5] W. A. Bentley and W. J. Humphreys: Snow Crystals, McGraw Hill, Dover Pub., republished in 1962, pp226.
[6] W. A. Bentley: Mon. Wea. Rev., 1902, 30, 607.
[7] U. Nakaya: Snow Crystals, Natural and Artificial, Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1954, pp510.
[8] U. Nakaya: Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 1938, 64, 619.
[9] Nakaya Museum was established in 1994 in Kaga, Ishikawa Pref., Japan, where was his birthplace. His pioneering works and personality are introduced by many interesting displays.
[10] The most recent publication about snow crystals is a museum book of Snow Crystals Museum, entitled as "Snow Crystals" (in Japanese). It includes many beautiful microphotographs of natural snow crystals taken by Y. Furukawa and the general articles written by T. Kobayashi. Some photographs appearing in this book are shown in this article. Snow Crystals Museum, which was established in 1991 in Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan, has various fascinating displays to introduce the beauty and enigma of snow crystal patterns.
[11] D. Shaw and B. J. Mason: Phil. Mag., 1955, 46, 249: J. Hallett and B. J. Mason: Proc. Roy. Soc., 1958, A247, 440.
[12] T. Kobayashi: in Physics of Snow and Ice, Part 1, ed. H. Oura, Inst. Low Temp. Sci., Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo, 1967, 95.
[13] A. A. Chernov: J. Crystal Growth, 1974, 24/25, 11.
[14] P. V. Hobbs: Ice Physics, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1974.
[15] T. Gonda and T. Yamazaki: J. Crystal Growth, 1978, 45, 66.
[16] A. A. Chernov: in Modern Crystallography III, Crystal Growth, Springer, 1984.
[17] J. P. van der Eerden: in Handbook of Crystal Growth, ed. D. T. J. Hurle, North Holland, Amsterdam, 1993, 307.
[18] M. Faraday: Proc. Roy. Soc. London, 1860, 10, 440; Faraday's diary, London, Bill and Sons, 1933, 79.
[19] J. G. Dash, H. Fu and J. S. Wettlaufer: Rep. Prog. Phys., 1995, 58, 115.
[20] J. G. Broughton and L. V. Woodcock: J. Phys., 1978, C11, 2748.
[21] J. W. M. Frenken and J. F. van der Veen: Phys. Rev. Lett., 1985, 54, 134.
[22] Da-Ming Zhu and J. G. Dash: Phys. Rev. Lett., 1986, 57, 2759.
[23] R. Lacmann and I. N. Stranski: J. Crystal Growth, 1972, 13/14, 236.
[24] T. Kuroda: Kinetik des Eisewachstums aus der Gasphase und seine Wachstumsformen, Dissertation Technical University Braunschweig. 1979; T. Kuroda and R. Lacmann: J.Crystal Growth, 1982, 56, 189.
[25] VLS mechanism for crystal growth, which is basically similar to V- QLL-S mechanism, is very popular and has discussed in the many literature. However, the liquid phase is the eutectic solution for the former but the pure melt of crystal for the latter. Furthermore, the driving forces for both the growth mechanisms relate to the solute concentration in the liquid layer and the thickness of qll, respectively. In this sense we should distinguish between both mechanisms and use the alternate abbreviations.
[26] D. Beaglehole and D. Nason: Surf. Sci., 1980, 96, 357.
[27] Y. Furukawa, T. Kuroda and M. Yamamoto: J. Crystal Growth, 1987, 82, 665; Y. Furukawa and I. Ishikawa: J. Crystal Growth, 1993, 128, 1137.
[28] M. Elbaum, S. G. Lipson and J. G. Dash: J. Crystal Growth, 1993, 129, 491.
[29] A. Kouchi, Y. Furukawa and T. Kuroda: J. de Phys., 1987, 48-C1, 675.
[30] H. Dosch, A. Lied and J. H. Bilgram: Phys. Rev. Lett., 1994, 72, 3534.; Surf. Sci., 1995, 96, 357.
[31] V. I. Klidivize, V. F. Kieslev and L. A. Ushakova: Dokl. Akad. Nauk USSR, 1970, 191, 1088.
[32] T. Ishizaki, M. Maruyama, Y. Furukawa and J. G. Dash: J.Crystal Growth, 1996, 163, 455.
[33] O. Nickolayev and V. F. Petrenko: Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 1995, 355, 221; C. R. Slaughterbeck, E. W. Kukes, B. Pittenger, D. J. Cook, V. L. Eden, P. C. Williams and S. C. Fain, Jr.: J. Vac. Sci. Technol., 1996, A14, 1213.
[34] Y. Furukawa and S. Kohata: J. Crystal Growth, 1993. 129. 571.
[35] O. A. Karim and A. D. J. Haymet: J. Chem. Phys., 1988, 89, 6889.
[36] G. J. Kroes: Surf. Sci., 1992, 275, 365.
[37] H. Nada and Y. Furukawa: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 1995, 34, 583; J. Crystal Growth, 1996, in press; Y. Furukawa and H. Nada: in Advances in the Understanding of Crystal Growth Mechanism, ed. T. Nishinaga, Elsevior, Netherlands, 1997, in press.
[38] F. C. Frank: J. Crystal Growth, 1974, 24/25, 3.; Contemp. Phys., 1982, 23, 3.
[39] T. Kuroda, T. Irisawa and A. Ookawa: J. Crystal Growth, 1977, 42, 41.
[40] W. F. Berg: Proc. Roy. Soc., 1938, A164, 79.
[41] E. Yokoyama and T. Kuroda: Phys. Rev., 1990, 41, 2038.